www.fagboginfo.dk - Traditional Inuit Songs from the Thule Area

Traditional Inuit Songs from the Thule Area. 1-2. Af Michael Hauser. 1560 sider, 17,5 x 25 cm. Ill: 197 fotos (71 i farver), 17 tegninger, 2 kort, og et stort nodemateriale. Pris kr 998,00 (ib.). Museum Tusculanums Forlag. Udgivet 29/1 2010.
(Serie Monographs on Greenland / Meddelelser om Grønland, vol. 346)

Dette værk indeholder en omfattende beskrivelse af sangtraditionen hos Thule-områdets befolkning.
I 1937 lydoptog eskimologen Erik Holtved 134 traditionelle sange i Thule-området. Transskriptioner og videnskabelig bearbejdning af denne samling udgør fundamentet for Traditional Inuit Songs from the Thule Area. Desuden er inddraget lydoptagelser fra blandt andet 1962 og 1984.
I værket fremlægges sangtraditionen hos Thule-områdets befolkning, Inughuit, ud fra mange aspekter: fremførelsespraksis, syngemåde, trommens bygning og håndtering, samspillet mellem trommedansen og sangen samt befolkningens eget udsagn og syn på trommesang-traditionen. Sangene bliver præsenteret og noteret i deres fulde længde - med trommeakkompagnement og sangtekst, men også med analyser af repræsentative strofer fra hver sang.
"It was shown that there were basic differences to European sentence formation. While the 'ordinary' European melodics aimed at balanced sentences of the same number of measures, most often a multiple of two and four measures, the situation with the Inuit was different. Here the sentence length was determined by the numbers and positions of the motifs and/or the length of the motifs. There was - to be brief - a far greater latitude for personal expression. This does not result in courses without a form structure. On the contrary; the Inuit songs had very firm form structures, which were maintained and continued through generations. There is another, and more obvious, difference from Euro-American melody and form creation. In the 'West' it has been a great challenge to discover/compose new melodies, new formal creations, even within the same cultural circle. However, with the Inuit the forms were maintained. A composer was highly respected, received prestige, when he/she was able to show his/her composing skills within the locally accepted forms. That is what a person was remembered for. The names of great composers and singers were remembered through generations. The songs were very often tied to a name, and we have several sound recorded examples indicating that a good song from the beginning of the 1900s was remembered right up to 1984 without noticeable changes"(fra Final Statements and Conclusions).
Ud fra transskriptionerne er der fundet lokalkarakteristiske form- og melodityper som viser sig at være knyttet til efterkommere af forskellige indvandringer til Thule-området.
Foruden Erik Holtveds samling indgår flere andre samlinger fra Thule-området i undersøgelserne, især lydoptagelser af 350 sange foretaget i 1962 for Dansk Folkemindesamling af Bent Jensen og forfatteren. Endvidere er et stort antal traditionelle inuit-sange fra mange canadiske områder transskriberet og analyseret, tilligemed ældre materiale fra Uummannaq og Upernavik (de ældste lydoptagelser fra disse områder går tilbage til 1906, 1909 og 1912).
Specifikke form- og melodityper fra Thule-området blev genfundet hos canadiske Inuit-grupper i det sydlige Baffin Island og hos Kobber Inuit på fastlandskysten syd for Victoria Island. Hermed blev der fundet de mest sandsynlige oprindelsesområder for sangtyperne i Thule-området og kastet lys over migrationsveje til Grønland.
"My work has shown that the traditional songs of the Inughuit consist of both simple songs and songs with developed structures and long courses, often with more tones in each stanza than in most European folk songs. The performance of drum-songs contains a complicated interaction between singing, drumming and dance, and many drum-singers have good singing voices as can be heard on the enclosed CD. Some are virtuoso singers operating at a high artistic level"(fra Final Statements and Conclusions).
Bogen har et rigt billed- og nodemateriale. Mange af de omtalte sange og noterede sange kan høres på den medfølgende cd.
Michael Hauser, musiketnolog, er tidligere lektor i gymnasieskolen og ved Det Kgl. Danske Musikkkonservatorium. Modtog Jacob Gade Prisen i 1970 og Grønlands Hjemmestyres Fortjenstmedalje Nersornaat i 2005.

UDDRAG AF INDHOLD: Volume I. Main Sources on Traditional Inuit Music. Introduction to Transcriptions and Analyses. The Informants and Form and Melody Types. The Parameters of the Music - Summarising Description. The Song Tradition of the Inughuit. Tracing Areas of Origin in Greenland. Tracing Areas of Origin in Canada (Baffin Island; The Copper Inuit Areas). Final Statements and Conclusions. Terminology for Traditional Greenlandic Songs. Sound Recordings and Films. References.
Volume II. Erik Holtved's Collection - Complete Transcriptions. Erik Holtved's Collection - Analysed Transcriptions. Erik Holtved's Collection and the 1962 Collection. Sound Examples. Index.

TILHØRENDE MATERIALE:
Cd (vedlagt) med 59 eksempler på traditionelle sange fra Inuit..

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